London | 26-SDC-Mar | Khilola Rustamova| Sprint 4 |Prep exercise

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 node_modules
-testoutput.txt
+.venv/
+__pycache__/

prep-exercise/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+.venv/

prep-exercise/account.py

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+def open_account(balances: dict[str, int], name:str, amount: int)-> None:
+    balances[name] = amount
+
+def sum_balances(accounts: dict[str, int]) -> int:
+    total = 0
+    for name, pence in accounts.items():
+        print(f"{name} had balance {pence}")
+        total += pence
+    return total
+
+def format_pence_as_string(total_pence: int) -> str:
+    if total_pence < 100:
+        return f"{total_pence}p"
+    pounds = int(total_pence / 100)
+    pence = total_pence % 100
+    return f"£{pounds}.{pence:02d}"
+
+balances: dict[str, int] = {
+    "Sima": 700,
+    "Linn": 545,
+    "Georg": 831,
+}
+
+open_account(balances, "Tobi", 913)
+open_account(balances, "Olya", 713)
+
+total_pence = sum_balances(balances)
+total_string = format_pence_as_string(total_pence)
+
+print(f"The bank accounts total {total_string}")

prep-exercise/inheritance.py

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+class Parent:
+    def __init__(self, first_name: str, last_name: str):
+        self.first_name = first_name
+        self.last_name = last_name
+
+    def get_name(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}"
+
+
+class Child(Parent):
+    def __init__(self, first_name: str, last_name: str):
+        super().__init__(first_name, last_name)
+        self.previous_last_names = []
+
+    def change_last_name(self, last_name) -> None:
+        self.previous_last_names.append(self.last_name)
+        self.last_name = last_name
+
+    def get_full_name(self) -> str:
+        suffix = ""
+        if len(self.previous_last_names) > 0:
+            suffix = f" (née {self.previous_last_names[0]})"
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}{suffix}"
+
+person1 = Child("Elizaveta", "Alekseeva")
+print(person1.get_name())
+print(person1.get_full_name())
+person1.change_last_name("Tyurina")
+print(person1.get_name())
+print(person1.get_full_name())
+
+person2 = Parent("Elizaveta", "Alekseeva")
+print(person2.get_name())
+# print(person2.get_full_name())
+# person2.change_last_name("Tyurina")
+print(person2.get_name())
+# print(person2.get_full_name())
+
+# person2 is a Parent. Parent only defines get_name(). 
+# It does not define get_full_name() or change_last_name(), 
+# so calling those methods causes an AttributeError.

prep-exercise/laptop-library.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum  import Enum
+from typing import List
+import sys
+
+
+class OperatingSystem(Enum):
+    MACOS = "macOS"
+    ARCH = "Arch Linux"
+    UBUNTU = "Ubuntu"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age: int
+    preferred_operating_system: OperatingSystem 
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Laptop:
+    id: int
+    manufacturer: str
+    model: str
+    screen_size_in_inches: float
+    operating_system: OperatingSystem
+
+
+def find_possible_laptops(laptops: List[Laptop], person: Person) -> List[Laptop]:
+    possible_laptops = []
+    for laptop in laptops:
+        if laptop.operating_system == person.preferred_operating_system:
+            possible_laptops.append(laptop)
+    return possible_laptops
+
+
+laptops = [
+    Laptop(id=1, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system=OperatingSystem.ARCH,),
+    Laptop(id=2, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU,),
+    Laptop(id=3, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU,),
+    Laptop(id=4, manufacturer="Apple", model="MacBook", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system=OperatingSystem.MACOS,),
+]
+
+name = input("Name: ")
+age_input = input("Age: ")
+os_input = input("Preferred operating system: ")
+
+try:
+    age = int(age_input)
+except ValueError:
+    print("Age must be a number", file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+try:
+    preferred_os = OperatingSystem(os_input)
+except ValueError:
+    print(
+        "Operating system must be one of: macOS, Arch Linux, Ubuntu",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )
+    sys.exit(1)    
+
+person = Person(
+    name=name,
+    age=age,
+    preferred_operating_system=preferred_os,
+)    
+
+possible_laptops = find_possible_laptops(laptops, person)
+
+print(
+    f"we have {len(possible_laptops)} laptop(s) with "
+    f"{person.preferred_operating_system.value}."
+)
+
+ubuntu_count = 0
+arch_count = 0 
+macos_count = 0 
+
+
+for laptop in laptops:
+    if laptop.operating_system == OperatingSystem.UBUNTU:
+        ubuntu_count += 1
+    elif laptop.operating_system == OperatingSystem.ARCH:
+        arch_count += 1 
+    elif laptop.operating_system == OperatingSystem.MACOS:
+        macos_count += 1    
+
+
+preferred_count = len(possible_laptops)        
+
+best_os = OperatingSystem.UBUNTU
+best_count = ubuntu_count
+
+if arch_count > best_count:
+    best_os = OperatingSystem.ARCH
+    best_count = arch_count
+
+if macos_count > best_count:
+    best_os = OperatingSystem.MACOS
+    best_count = macos_count
+
+
+if best_count > preferred_count:
+    print(
+         f"If you're willing to accept {best_os.value}, "
+        f"you're more likely to get a laptop because "
+        f"we have {best_count} available."
+    )
+
+

prep-exercise/mypy.py

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+def double(number):
+    return number * 3
+
+print(double(10))
+
+
+# when checked with mypy --strict it pointed to two errors 
+# first missing annotation on line 1 
+# secondly in line 4 call to untyped function in typed context. 
+# but it did not notice that in  we are putting *3
+# so mypy is good for helping us to check the types.

prep-exercise/persone-dataclass.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import date
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    date_of_birth: date
+    preferred_operating_system: str
+
+imran = Person("Imran", date(2004, 4, 15), "Ubuntu")  # We can call this constructor - @dataclass generated it for us.
+print(imran)  
+
+imran2 = Person("Imran", date(2004, 4, 15), "Ubuntu")
+print(imran == imran2)  # Prints True

prep-exercise/persone-date.py

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+from datetime import date
+
+class Person:
+    def __init__(self, name: str, date_of_birth: date, preferred_operating_system: str):
+        self.name = name
+        self.date_of_birth = date_of_birth
+        self.preferred_operating_system = preferred_operating_system
+
+
+
+    def is_adult(self):
+        today = date.today()
+        age = today.year - self.date_of_birth.year
+
+        if (today.month, today.day) < (self.date_of_birth.month, self.date_of_birth.day):
+         age -= 1
+
+        return age >= 18
+
+imran = Person("Imran", date(2004, 4, 15), "Ubuntu")
+print(imran.is_adult())

prep-exercise/persone-enums.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import List
+
+class OperatingSystem(Enum):
+    MACOS = "macOS"
+    ARCH = "Arch Linux"
+    UBUNTU = "Ubuntu"
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age: int
+    preferred_operating_system: OperatingSystem
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Laptop:
+    id: int
+    manufacturer: str
+    model: str
+    screen_size_in_inches: float
+    operating_system: OperatingSystem
+
+
+def find_possible_laptops(laptops: List[Laptop], person: Person) -> List[Laptop]:
+    possible_laptops = []
+    for laptop in laptops:
+        if laptop.operating_system == person.preferred_operating_system:
+            possible_laptops.append(laptop)
+    return possible_laptops
+
+
+people = [
+    Person(name="Imran", age=22, preferred_operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU),
+    Person(name="Eliza", age=34, preferred_operating_system=OperatingSystem.ARCH),
+]
+
+laptops = [
+    Laptop(id=1, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system=OperatingSystem.ARCH),
+    Laptop(id=2, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU),
+    Laptop(id=3, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU),
+    Laptop(id=4, manufacturer="Apple", model="macBook", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system=OperatingSystem.MACOS),
+]
+
+for person in people:
+    possible_laptops = find_possible_laptops(laptops, person)
+    print(f"Possible laptops for {person.name}: {possible_laptops}")

prep-exercise/persone-generics.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import List
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age: int
+    children: List["Person"]
+
+fatma = Person(name="Fatma", age=5, children=[])
+aisha = Person(name="Aisha", age=8, children=[])
+
+imran = Person(name="Imran", age= 35, children=[fatma, aisha])
+
+def print_family_tree(person: Person) -> None:
+    print(person.name)
+    for child in person.children:
+        print(f"- {child.name} ({child.age})")
+
+print_family_tree(imran)

prep-exercise/persone-type-guided-ref.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import List
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age: int
+    preferred_operating_system: List[str]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Laptop:
+    id: int
+    manufacturer: str
+    model: str
+    screen_size_in_inches: float
+    operating_system: List[str]
+
+
+def find_possible_laptops(laptops: List[Laptop], person: Person) -> List[Laptop]:
+    possible_laptops = []
+    for laptop in laptops:
+        if laptop.operating_system == person.preferred_operating_system:
+            possible_laptops.append(laptop)
+    return possible_laptops
+
+
+people = [
+    Person(name="Imran", age=22, preferred_operating_system=["Ubuntu"]),
+    Person(name="Eliza", age=34, preferred_operating_system=["Arch Linux"]),
+]
+
+laptops = [
+    Laptop(id=1, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system=["Arch Linux"]),
+    Laptop(id=2, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system=["Ubuntu"]),
+    Laptop(id=3, manufacturer="Dell", model="XPS", screen_size_in_inches=15, operating_system=["ubuntu"]),
+    Laptop(id=4, manufacturer="Apple", model="macBook", screen_size_in_inches=13, operating_system=["macOS"]),
+]
+
+for person in people:
+    possible_laptops = find_possible_laptops(laptops, person)
+    print(f"Possible laptops for {person.name}: {possible_laptops}")

prep-exercise/persone.py

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+class Person:
+    def __init__(self, name: str, age: int, address:str, preferred_operating_system: str):
+        self.name = name
+        self.age = age
+        self.address = address 
+        self.preferred_operating_system = preferred_operating_system
+
+imran = Person("Imran", 22, "London", "Ubuntu")
+print(imran.name)
+print(imran.address) # person.py error: "Person" has no attribute "address"  [attr-defined]
+
+eliza = Person("Eliza", 34, "London", "Arch Linux")
+print(eliza.name)
+print(eliza.address)  # person.py error: "Person" has no attribute "address"  [attr-defined]
+
+def is_adult(person: Person) -> bool:
+    return person.age >= 18
+
+print(is_adult(imran)) 
+
+
+# Because there is no address attribute in the Person class 
+# mypy does not accept line 9 and line 13
+# so we have to add self.address = address and define the type on def.
+# then I add the address to person details.